With statement in Python

Overview

In Python you need to give access to a file by opening it. You can do it by using the open() function. Open returns a file object, which has methods and attributes for getting information about and manipulating the opened file.

With statement

With the “With” statement, you get better syntax and exceptions handling.

“The with statement simplifies exception handling by encapsulating common preparation and cleanup tasks.”

In addition, it will automatically close the file. The with statement provides a way for ensuring that a clean-up is always used.

Without the with statement, we would write something like this:

file = open("welcome.txt")

data = file.read()

print data

file.close()  # It's important to close the file when you're done with it

With Statement Usage

Opening a file using with is as simple as: with open(filename) as file:

with open("welcome.txt") as file: # Use file to refer to the file object

   data = file.read()

   do something with data

Opens output.txt in write mode

with open('output.txt', 'w') as file:  # Use file to refer to the file object

    file.write('Hi there!')

Notice, that we didn’t have to write “file.close()”. That will automatically be called.